• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:NL2013906A
    申请号:NL2013906
    申请日:2014-12-02
    公开日:2016-08-31
    发明作者:Alexander Van Den Berg Eduardo
    申请人:Pharmafilter B V；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DEVICE, METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE MILLING AND DISPOSAL OF
    WASTE
    The invention relates to a device, method and system for grinding and discharging household, medical and / or industrial waste comprising various liquid and / or solid materials, to the sewer.
    Such grinding devices are known, for example from the earlier European patent application EP 2 188 069 A1. This publication describes a cleaning system for processing hospital waste. Use is made in the system of a number of crushing devices which are suitable for crushing and preparing hospital waste, for example consisting of feces and urine in a container such as a pot, for further processing.
    A drawback of the known milling device is that it has been found to be difficult to rinse away the ground waste and to dispose of it in a pipe system without problems occurring in the milling device and / or the pipe system, such as a reduced discharge due to clogging of the pipes or a complete blockage of the pipe. A further drawback of the known crushing device is that due to the presence of relatively large crushed waste parts in the discharge stream, certain parts such as valves and the like, function less well, for example because they cannot be completely closed by pieces of waste preventing the closing of the valve and / or because there is excessive wear due to the presence of the waste pieces.
    It is an object of the invention to obtain an apparatus, system and method of the type mentioned in the preamble in which at least some of the disadvantages mentioned are obviated. It is also an object of the invention to provide a device, system and method in which the risk of clogging is relatively small.
    According to a first aspect of the invention, at least one of the objectives can be at least partially achieved in a shredding and discharge device of household, medical and / or industrial waste comprising various liquid and solid materials, wherein the solid materials comprise plastic parts and / or metal parts to be ground, the device comprising: - an inlet for introducing the waste to be ground and removed; - a grinding unit designed for grinding waste introduced via the inlet; - a collection space designed for collecting the crushed liquid and solid materials; - a transport liquid supply designed for supplying transport liquid to the collecting space; - a drain that can be connected to the sewer and is adapted to drain the mixture of crushed liquid and solid materials and transport liquid; - a controllable valve for controlling the flow of said mixture from the collecting space to the drain, the controllable valve comprising: - a valve housing provided with an input connected to the catch and an output connected to the drain; - a flexible element arranged in the valve housing and connected to the entrance and exit, in particular a flexible membrane, the flexible element being designed to form a controllable passage between the entrance and exit; - a control unit for moving the flexible element between a closing position in which the membrane closes the passage between the entrance and exit and an open position in which the flexible element keeps a passage between the entrance and exit open.
    According to an embodiment, the bottom of the receiving space extends with a slope. As a result, when the valve is open, the liquid and solid materials are automatically moved in the direction of the discharge.
    By making use of a valve with such a flexible element, the passage to the sewer can be closed better, even when there are still waste residues in the valve. This means that the risk of seeping away transport fluid is reduced so that more transport fluid is potentially available to flush away the waste. This reduces the risk of blockages in the outlet of the milling device. A typical example of a suitable valve is a pinch valve, in particular a diaphragm valve or bellows valve.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the control unit comprises a pressure medium unit which is adapted for supplying pressure medium to the gap between the flexible element and the valve housing for closing the valve and for discharging pressure medium from said gap for opening the valve. The pressure medium can be any fluid (liquid and / or gas), but preferably the pressure medium is a liquid. The medium may, for example, consist of water. With the described construction, sufficient pressure can be built up quickly and efficiently to close the valve and keep it closed, even if there are waste residues in the passage.
    The flexible element is preferably made of rubber. In particular, a rubber sleeve may be provided in the valve housing, the ends of the sleeve being attached to the entrance and exit of the valve housing, respectively.
    In order to reduce the risk of leakage due to the presence of waste material in the valve, the flexible element preferably has an elongated shape so that an elongated passage is defined. The length of this form is preferably greater than the largest dimension of a piece of crushed waste. This means that a piece of waste in the closed state of the valve can never protrude on both sides of the flexible element, and therefore a part of the flexible element is always available to close off sufficiently on the passage. Depending on a number of factors, such as the size and shape of the crushing element, the largest dimensions of a piece of crushed waste can vary. In typical situations, the flexible element is designed such that the length of the passage is greater than 5 cm, preferably greater than 10 cm.
    In a further embodiment of the invention, the transport liquid supply and the collecting space are designed and arranged for swirling and holding the supplied transport liquid in the collecting space. This ensures that the waste material remains in suspension as much as possible and does not precipitate or to a lesser extent on the bottom of the collection space. This reduces the risk of blockages in the device and the downstream discharge pipes.
    The transport liquid is preferably supplied under high pressure, for example 2 bar or more, to sufficiently swirl the mixture. For a similar purpose, the bottom of the receiving space is preferably curved and in such a way that the formation of swirls in the transport liquid is promoted.
    In a further embodiment, the transport liquid supply comprises one or more spray heads for forming one or more liquid jets in the direction of the bottom of the collecting space.
    The spray heads are preferably arranged to deliver liquid jets in a downward direction. Furthermore, the transport liquid supply may comprise a spray head which is designed and arranged to send transport liquid in substantially horizontal direction into the collecting space and / or to force transport liquid and waste suspended therein in the direction of the discharge. This spray head is often only switched on when the valve is opened and the waste mixture must be discharged from the milling device and ensures efficient and rapid removal of the waste with a relatively small chance of clogging.
    According to another aspect of the invention, a device for grinding (shredding) and discharging household, medical and / or industrial waste comprising various liquid and / or solid materials is provided to the sewer, the device comprising: - an inlet for the introduction of the waste to be ground and disposed of; - a grinding unit designed for grinding waste introduced via the inlet; - a collection space designed for collecting crushed waste; - a transport liquid supply designed for supplying transport liquid to the collecting space; - a drain that can be connected to the sewer and is adapted to drain the mixture of crushed waste and transport liquid; wherein the milling unit comprises: - a milling element rotatably driven via a drive motor with an outer surface provided with cams; - a pivotal element adapted to press part of the waste against the outer surface of the crushing element during the grinding, wherein the pivotal element is pivotally designed between a first pressing position and a second pressing position.
    The swivel element is preferably rotatably attached to the (stationary) housing of the device. By pivoting the pivoting element, any waste that has ended up on top of the member can be moved to the crushing element so that grinding of this part of the waste can still take place. Furthermore, the pivotal element can press the waste against the crushing element at different positions and at different places relative to the position of the crushing element. The axis of rotation of the pivotal element is preferably at a shifted position relative to the (imaginary) perpendicular through the axis of rotation of the milling element. As a result, the pivoting element can press the waste against the outer surface of the milling element in different ways, for example at different angles and / or at different positions.
    In a particular embodiment, the pivotal element extends in the first pressing position at a first position relative to the milling element and in the second pressing position extends at a second position relative to the milling element. By pressing from different positions, the pivotal element can cause the waste to be crushed in various ways, which benefits the crushing result.
    According to a further embodiment, the device comprises a control unit which is adapted to control at least one of the grinding element, the transport liquid supply and the controllable valve. The control unit can be designed here to transport the waste intermittently to the drain. With intermittent transport of the mixture from the outlet, the amount of mixture transported at a time is greater than if there were to be a continuous transport of the mixture. This reduces the chance of blockage in the drain.
    According to another aspect of the invention, a system is provided for grinding and transporting waste in a building, in particular a care institution, aircraft or airport terminal, the system comprising: - one or more devices arranged at different places in the building; the species defined herein; - a pipe system connected to the respective drain (s) of said one or more devices, wherein the pipe system is connected to the sewer; the system further comprising: - one or more separating devices arranged in the pipe system and adapted to separate the ground and discharged mixture of liquid and waste into at least a first and second waste part and to send the first waste part only to the sewer; and / or - one or more purification devices arranged in the pipeline system that are adapted to purify at least a part of the crushed and removed waste; and / or - one or more digesters arranged in the piping system that are adapted to ferment at least a part of the crushed and removed waste.
    According to yet another aspect of the invention, a method is provided for grinding (shredding) and discharging household, medical and / or industrial waste comprising various liquid and / or solid materials, to the sewer, the method comprising: - introducing an amount of waste to be ground in an installation of the type described herein; - crushing the introduced waste with the crushing unit; - bringing the crushed waste to a collection area; - supplying transport fluid to the collection space; - opening the passage in the adjustable valve; - discharging the mixture of crushed waste and transport liquid via the passage to the sewer; - closing the passage in the adjustable valve.
    The method preferably comprises intermittently opening and closing the passage for in each case transporting at least a minimum volume of the mixture of transport liquid and ground waste. In another embodiment, the method comprises supplying pressure medium to the gap between the flexible element and the valve housing for closing the valve and discharging pressure medium from said gap for opening the valve. In yet another embodiment, the method comprises generating swirls of the mixture of waste and transport liquid in the collection space.
    Further advantages, features and details of the present invention will be elucidated on the basis of the description of some embodiments thereof. Reference is made in the description to the figures, which show:
    Figure 1 shows a partly cut-away perspective view of an embodiment of a grinding device according to the invention;
    Figure 2 shows a further cut-away perspective view of the milling device of Figure 1;
    Figure 3A is an exploded perspective view of the cut-away view of Figure 2;
    Figure 3B shows a detailed view of the milling unit;
    Figure 4 shows a detailed view of the lower collection space of the grinding device;
    Figures 5A and 5B show a cross-section through an embodiment of a valve according to the invention, with a closed and opened passage;
    Figures 6 and 7 are longitudinal sections through the milling unit with the pivot element in a first and second position, respectively;
    Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a system according to the invention; and
    Figures 9A, 9B, 9C and longitudinal sections, respectively, through an embodiment of the grinding device, with the pivot element in an initial position and two intermediate positions.
    Figures 1-7 show an exemplary embodiment of a grinding device 1 according to the invention. The crushing device can be aimed at processing household, medical and / or industrial waste. This waste can be of different contents. In hospitals and care institutions, the waste can for example mainly consist of faeces and / or urine in containers, for example plastic and / or metal containers (POs), hospital waste such as bandages, plasters, remnants of medicines, toxic substances and the like, and / or other waste , such as food, drink, and the like.
    In other buildings, such as an airport, station, restaurant and the like, the composition of the waste will usually be different. In such cases, the waste will often contain more plastic or metal parts, such as cups, cutlery, packaging material and the like. The crushing device is preferably embodied such that it is suitable for processing any type of waste that is typically generated in the relevant building.
    The milling device comprises a housing 2 which can be placed on a substrate. The housing 2 comprises a frame provided with sheeting all around. The various parts of the device are attached to the frame and the cladding. In the embodiment shown, the housing is made up of an upper housing part 3 and a lower housing part 4. In other embodiments, the housing parts and the functional elements provided therein can be arranged in a different way relative to each other, for example a second housing part next to the first housing part . The upper housing part 3 is arranged in particular for receiving waste and subsequently crushing or grinding it. The lower housing part 4 is arranged in particular for collecting the ground waste, mixing the ground waste with a transport liquid and subsequently transporting the mixture of waste and transport liquid in the direction of the public sewerage network at fixed or variable intervals.
    The upper housing part 3 forms a closed space, herein also the upper receiving space 45. Access to the receiving space 45 takes place via a supply opening 7 in the side wall of the housing. The supply opening 7 can be closed with a valve 8 (not shown). A movable positioning platform 11 is provided in the middle of the receiving space.
    This mounting platform divides the receiving space 45 into an upper and lower compartment. When an operator wishes to have waste processed, he places the waste on the positioning platform 11 and then closes the supply opening 7. The waste is now located in the closed upper compartment.
    The positioning platform 11 can be moved between a horizontal position in which the platform divides the receiving space into two compartments, and a vertical position (see figures 1 and 2). During the displacement of the parking platform (see Figure 3A), any waste applied to it can fall down under the influence of gravity and end up in the second compartment. More details of the mechanism for moving the mounting platform 11 are shown in Figures 2, 3 and 9A-9C. On the sides, the flat mounting platform 11 is provided with laterally projecting pins 14,15. These pins 14, 15 are guided in a guide profile, more in particular an upright profile part 12 and a horizontal profile part 13. The displacement of the positioning platform is driven by a drive motor 16 (Figure 1). The drive motor 16 is connected to a central control unit 40 with which the various components of the milling device 1 can be controlled.
    Drive motor 16 may comprise an electric motor which can rotate one or more rotatable rollers 87 via a shaft (Figures 9A-9C). Arranged over the rotatable roller 87 is a cable 85 which is coupled with a first end at the location of connection 86 to the top of a movable support 14 and to a second end at the location of connection 89 and is coupled via one or more second rollers 88 with the top side of the movable support. Rotation of the roller 87 counterclockwise (as shown in Figure 9A) means that the cable 85 causes the tray 11 to be lifted. Rotation of the roller 87 in the opposite direction means that the platform 11 is lowered.
    A milling unit 20 is arranged in the second compartment of the receiving space 45. More specifically, the milling unit is arranged in the slightly narrowed lower portion of the compartment. The grinding unit 20 comprises a grinding element 21 for grinding the harder parts in the waste, for example plastic and / or metal parts, into particles with a certain maximum size. The maximum particle size is chosen such that the particles can still be washed away relatively easily with a transport liquid (e.g. water). Typically, the maximum particle size is 80 mm or 50 mm or even 30 mm.
    The milling element 21 forms a cylinder on the outer surface of which a pattern of protruding cams is arranged. Grinding element 21 is furthermore rotatably attached to the housing via a drive shaft 22. The drive shaft 22 is coupled via an angle coupling (not specifically shown) to an electric drive motor 23. The electric drive motor 23 is in communication connection with the central control unit 40. The control unit 40 controls among other things the direction of rotation and rotation speed of the milling element as well as the timing thereof . In the embodiment shown, the milling element 21 can be rotated in both directions (Ri).
    Supports 28 are arranged laterally of the milling element 21. These supports are provided at a mutually facing edges with a large number of projecting cams 29. Between the cams 29 gaps are formed along which the cams 27 provided on the milling element can pass when the milling element 21 is rotated. The combination of cams 21,28 ensures a good crushing of the waste. The ground waste is discharged at the bottom via a screen 46.
    The crushing unit 20 is further provided with a pivotal element 36. This pivotal element is rotatably attached to the housing 2 via a shaft 80 (Figs. 6, 7) and can be pivoted in two opposite directions R2, R3 by means of a drive motor 38. Figure 6 shows a first position in which the pivoting element 36 extends on one side (in the figure on the left) of the milling element 21, while in Figure 7 the pivoting element 36 extends on an opposite side of the milling element. The two positions are determined by the positioning and dimensions of one or more stationary stop members which extend just above the milling element. These stop members ensure that the pivot element is kept at a predetermined minimum distance from the outer surface of the grinding element and that there is no direct contact between the pivot element and the grinding element. The pivoting element can further be controlled by the control unit 40 in such a way that it can act as a pressure element during the crushing of the waste, as will be explained in more detail below.
    As already stated, along the underside of the milling element 21, a screen 46 is provided on the housing. This screen is provided with a number of holes 47 which can pass through the ground waste in the direction of the lower collecting chamber or collecting space 50 located below it (FIG. 4). The openings are chosen so large that only waste particles can pass that are small enough to be transported properly through a liquid stream to the sewer at a later stage.
    The pivotal element 36 is provided at the end opposite the axis 80 with a widened portion 37, the inside of which is shaped such that it slightly follows the rounding of the milling element 21. This means that waste can be better pressed locally against the crushing element 21 than if the pivoting element 36 would have a straight shape.
    In the lower housing part 4, as mentioned earlier, the lower receiving space 50 is realized. Referring to Figure 4, an inspection opening 60 is provided in the rear wall 65 of the lower housing part 4. This inspection opening is of course closed during the operation of the grinding device, but can of course be opened after use to gain access to the inside of the collecting space, for example for maintenance and / or cleaning. The collecting space 50 is bounded on another upright side by an oblique wall 61. This wall extends obliquely with respect to the vertical direction in order to make the lower collecting space substantially funnel-shaped. On the underside, i.e. at the location of the bottom 67, the receiving space is curved. A number of spray nozzles 51-53 are arranged on the inside of the sloping wall. The spray nozzles are connected via a supply 55-57 to a (not shown) or another type of liquid supply and are arranged for so-called transport liquid (ie liquid which has the function of transporting the waste) downwards under great pressure along the inside of the wall spraying (in the directions indicated by dotted lines 64). The downwardly flowing transport liquid can cause a swirling liquid mass on the curved bottom 67 of the collecting space 50. When waste enters via the aforementioned openings 47 in the screen 46 between the upper and lower collecting space into the lower collecting space (ie in the embodiment shown, falls under the influence of gravity), the spray heads 51-53 ensure that the waste is incorporated in the liquid, more particularly that the waste is suspended therein. Because the liquid (e.g. water) on the underside of the collecting space 50 is strongly in swirl, the chance of the waste depositing on the bottom is small. As a result, the waste remains in suspension as much as possible, pending further transport to the sewer.
    The bottom 67 of the receiving space 50 is slightly inclined (ie the bottom 67 makes an angle α with respect to the horizontal as shown in Figure 4), so that any mixture of water and waste present in the receiving space tends to to move in the direction of the discharge opening 62. Furthermore, a further spray head 54 is provided in the rear wall 65 of the lower housing part 4. This spray head can support the transport of the said mixture towards the discharge opening. The spray head 54 is adapted to direct water with great force in the direction of the drain opening 62 (i.e. the direction 66 indicated by dotted lines in Figure 4). The spraying of spray nozzles 51-54, in particular the timing thereof, can be controlled by the aforementioned central control unit 40.
    The discharge opening 62 is the beginning of a discharge 63 along which the mixture of crushed waste can be discharged to the sewer. A valve 70 is provided in the outlet 63, which valve is adapted to allow the mixture to pass through selectively. The valve can open or close the passage 69 of the mixture of water and waste in the direction of a drain line 73 connected to the sewer as desired.
    The valve 70 comprises a first connecting flange 71 with which the valve 70 is connected to the outlet 63. With the aid of a second connecting flange 72 opposite the first connecting flange 71, the valve can be mounted on a discharge pipe 73 of the discharge 63. The valve 70 further comprises a spherical valve housing 74 (preferably made of steel, but other materials can also be used) with the aforementioned connecting flanges 71.72 on either side. In the spherical valve housing 74 is a flexible element 75, for example a flexible membrane (also referred to herein as a flexible sleeve due to its elongated shape in the case of the specific embodiment of Figs. 5A, 5B).
    The flexible element 75 can be made of different materials, but preferably the flexible element is made of rubber. The ends of the flexible element n are arranged on the respective connecting flanges 71, 72 and in such a way that an intermediate space 79 is formed between the inside of the valve housing 74 and the outside of the flexible element 75. This gap can be filled with a pressure medium, for example water or other liquid, to build up a desired pressure in the gap 79. The pressure medium can be supplied or discharged through a pressure medium unit 77 via an opening 83 in the valve housing 74. The pressure medium unit 77 may, for example, comprise a compressor with which medium is guided from a pressure medium reservoir 78 via a pressure line to the opening 83. Other embodiments of a printing medium unit are of course also conceivable and all fall within the reach of the skilled person.
    As more and more pressure medium is provided in the gap 79, the flexible element 75 will expand further and further so that at a given moment the passage 69 through the valve 70 is obstructed. Figure 5A shows a closed position of the flexible element 75 in which the flexible element 75 is fully expanded and thus completely closes the passage through the valve 70. In contrast, Figure 5B shows the open position in which sufficient pressure medium has been removed from the space 79 that the passage 69 is free. A free passage means that the mixture of transport liquid and waste from the collection space 50 can pass through the valve 70 and can be discharged via discharge pipe 73.
    Because the element 75 is highly flexible, even if there is still waste at the location of the valve 70, even if that involves relatively large pieces of waste, the passage 69 can be completely closed by the valve. For example, Figure 5A shows that a piece of waste (A) is located between the parts of the flexible element 75. With other types of valves, for example with valve valves or gate valves, the presence of larger pieces of waste would mean that the passage could not be completely closed. This is undesirable because if the passage is not sufficiently closed, transport fluid can seep away and sometimes insufficient transport fluid remains in the collecting space 50 to flush away the waste with sufficient force. This can lead to blockages and blockages. In the embodiment of the valve shown, however, the passage can nevertheless be completely closed due to the flexibility of the stocking material, despite the presence of waste residues (A).
    As explained above, the valve 70 is connected to a drain line 73. In certain embodiments, this drain line can be directly connected to the sewer. In the other embodiments, however, the discharge line 73 is connected to one or more purification or cleaning installations to purify the waste in the mixture and / or to effect a further separation. The discharge line can also be connected to a digester to allow parts of the waste to undergo a fermentation process. Only after the separation, cleaning and / or fermentation of the waste does at least a part of it end up in the sewerage system and can this be removed.
    As shown in Figure 1, a pipe 90 is connected to the top of the discharge line 73. This pipe 90 is in turn connected to a flushing water supply pipe 91 provided with a water reservoir 42 (Fig. 1). This flushing water supply with water reservoir functions as a cistern for an additional flushing of the discharge line 73. A valve 92 can be provided between the water reservoir 42 and the flushing water supply pipe 91. This valve is controllable via the control unit 40 and can be opened and closed as desired. For example, when an amount of waste mixture is led through the opening of the valve 70 in the direction of the drain line 73, the valve of the water reservoir 42 can also be opened to deposit an additional amount of flushing water in the direction of the drain line 73, so that the transport of the waste stream is promoted and the chance of possible blockages in the discharge pipe is reduced.
    In use, an operator places a quantity of waste (for example, a container with feces, a quantity of medical waste, a urinal, etc.) in the upper collection space 45 by depositing this waste (a) via the supply opening 7 on the positioning platform 11. This situation is shown in Figure 9A. The operator then closes the supply opening 7 with the valve. The closing of the valve is detected by the control unit 40, which then activates the drive 16 of the parking platform 11.
    This has the consequence that the positioning platform 11 is tilted until it is in the vertical position. During tilting, the waste falls down towards the crushing element 21. The crushing element 21 has since been actuated by controlling the control unit. When the pivotal element 36 is in the position shown in Fig. 6, the waste will end up partly on the left-hand side on top of the pivotal element 36 and partly on the opposite side will end up directly on the milling element 21. By having the crushing element 21 rotate in one or both directions of rotation, the part of the waste that ends up on the right-hand side of the element 21 can be directly crushed and discharged via the screen 46.
    After a certain period of time the drive of the pivotal element 36 will move this pivotal element to the opposite position, for example by rotation from the first position shown in Fig. 6 in direction R2 to the second position shown in Fig. 7. Any waste that may end up on the swivel element 36 will now be able to be pressed onto the crushing element 21 by the swivel element. The pivotal element 36 here acts as a pressurizer for the waste, so that an improved grinding can be realized. The direction of rotation of the milling element 21 can herein remain the same, but can also be turned over one or more times. The pivotal element can optionally be pivoted back again (direction R3) and the process of pivoting the pivotal element between the two positions mentioned and causing the milling element to be driven can be repeated several times until the waste in the collecting space is sufficiently ground and via the strainer 46 is discharged towards the lower receiving compartment 50.
    Incidentally, in certain embodiments, the parking platform 11 can be driven at such a speed and timing that waste falls down more and more dosed. For example, if the positioning platform is tilted up relatively slowly from the horizontal position (as shown in Figure 9A), in an intermediate position (as shown in Figure 9B), the first part of the waste can already fall down and be ground by the crushing unit. while the remaining part of the waste still stands on the parking platform. The waste (a) can, for example, be dropped dosed down by slowly rotating the pivot element 36 (direction RL), to the position shown in figure 9C in which all the waste slides down and even up to the one shown in figure 6 position. Depending on, among other things, the size of the pieces of waste and the composition thereof, it may be useful to rotate the pivot element 36 back again so that any waste (a) temporarily present on the top of the pivot element is moved to the opposite side of the crushing element to to be further ground there. In the meantime, the parking platform can be tilted so much further that the end position shown in Figure 2 has been reached.
    Waste that has ended up in the lower collection compartment 50 is now sprayed with the aid of the spray nozzles in such a way that a mixture of water and waste forms near the bottom 67 of the lower collection compartment 50. This mixture will be in vortex due to the curved shape of the bottom 67 of the collecting compartment 50 and under the influence of the water jets from the spray heads 51-53, so that the ground waste is prevented from depositing on the bottom 67 as much as possible.
    Due to the slope in the bottom 67, the mixture will tend to move in the direction of the outlet 63. However, this outlet is closed by the valve 70. When at a given moment a sufficient amount of mixture of waste and transport liquid is present in the When the bottom receiving space 50 is collected, the central control unit 40 will control the pressure medium unit 77 to open the valve of the valve 70. This opening is effected by discharging pressure medium from the intermediate space 79. As a result, the passage becomes free and the said mixture can be guided in the direction of the discharge line 73. The mixture will normally flow automatically in the direction of the discharge line 73 as a result of the slope.
    However, in order to accelerate this discharge and to reduce the risk that residual waste still accumulates on the bottom, whereby any blockage could occur, the spray head 54 is also switched on when the valve 70 is opened. This spray head generates a water jet which forces the mixture further towards the outlet 63. The mixture is discharged through the passage 69 into the valve 70 and ends up in the discharge line 73. To reduce the risk of clogging in this drain line 73, an amount of water may be supplied from the water reservoir 42 (although this is optional) to obtain an additional flushing operation. When the waste and water mixture has been discharged, the valve 70 is closed again and the cycle can be repeated.
    Figure 8 shows an embodiment of a system for crushing and removing waste. The system comprises a number of grinding devices of the type described herein. The grinding devices will normally be arranged at different positions and / or in different rooms in a building. However, it is also possible to place two or more of the grinding devices in a single space. The discharge lines 73,73 'of the various grinding devices 1,1' can be connected to a common line 93. The common line 73 can be connected to a separation device 94 and a purification device 94 so that the part of the waste that ultimately enters the sewer 96 has first undergone a separation and purification treatment. The part that is separated in the separation device 94 is discharged via a line 97 for further processing. Of the part of the waste that is separated and sent to the purification device 95, one part will eventually be purified and discharged to the sewer 96 and another part can be discharged via drain 98 for further treatment.
    The present invention is not limited to the embodiments thereof described herein. The rights sought are defined by the following claims, within the scope of which numerous modifications are conceivable.
    权利要求:
    Claims (23)
    [1]
    Device adapted for grinding (shredding) and discharging household, medical and / or industrial waste comprising liquid and solid materials to the sewer, wherein the solid materials comprise plastic parts and / or metal parts to be ground, the device comprising : - an inlet for introducing the waste to be ground and disposed of; - a grinding unit designed for grinding waste introduced via the inlet; - a collection space designed for collecting the crushed liquid and solid materials; - a transport liquid supply designed for supplying transport liquid to the collecting space; - a drain that can be connected to the sewer and is adapted to drain the mixture of crushed liquid and solid materials and transport liquid; - a controllable valve for controlling the flow of said mixture from the collecting space to the drain, the controllable valve comprising: - a valve housing provided with an input connected to the catch and an output connected to the drain; - a flexible element arranged in the valve housing and connected to the entrance and exit, in particular a flexible membrane, the flexible element being designed to form a controllable passage between the entrance and exit; - a control unit for moving the flexible element between a closing position in which the membrane closes the passage between the entrance and exit and an open position in which the flexible element keeps a passage between the entrance and exit open.
    [2]
    Device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the receiving space extends with a slope for allowing the liquid and solid materials to move in the direction of the discharge when the valve is open.
    [3]
    Device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit comprises: - a pressure medium unit which is adapted for supplying pressure medium to the space between the flexible element and the valve housing for closing the valve and for discharging pressure medium from said pressure medium space for opening the valve.
    [4]
    Device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the flexible element of the controllable valve comprises a rubber sleeve connected to the input and output.
    [5]
    Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the flexible element has an elongated shape for defining an elongated passage.
    [6]
    Device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the length of the flexible element and the passage realized thereby is greater than the largest dimension of a piece of ground waste.
    [7]
    Device as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the length of the passage is greater than 5 cm, preferably greater than 10 cm.
    [8]
    8. Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the transport liquid supply and the collection space are designed and arranged for swirling and holding the supplied transport liquid in the collection space.
    [9]
    Device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the bottom of the receiving space is curved to promote swirling in the transport liquid.
    [10]
    Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the transport liquid supply comprises one or more spray heads for forming one or more liquid jets in the direction of the bottom of the collecting space.
    [11]
    Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the transport liquid supply comprises a spray head which is designed and arranged to send transport liquid in substantially horizontal direction into the collecting space and / or to force transport liquid and waste suspended therein in the direction of the discharge .
    [12]
    Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the controllable valve is a pinch valve.
    [13]
    Device for grinding (shredding) and removing household, medical and / or industrial waste comprising various liquid and / or solid materials, to the sewer, preferably a device according to one of the preceding claims, the device comprising: - a inlet for introducing the ground and discharged waste; - a grinding unit designed for grinding waste introduced via the inlet; - a collection space designed for collecting crushed waste; - a transport liquid supply designed for supplying transport liquid to the collecting space; - a drain that can be connected to the sewer and is adapted to drain the mixture of crushed waste and transport liquid; wherein the milling unit comprises: - a milling element rotatably driven via a drive motor with an outer surface provided with cams; - a pivotal element adapted to press part of the waste against the outer surface of the crushing element during the grinding, wherein the pivotal element is pivotally designed between a first pressing position and a second pressing position.
    [14]
    Device as claimed in claim 13, wherein in the first pressing position the pivoting element extends at a first position relative to the grinding element and in the second pressing position at a second position relative to the grinding element.
    [15]
    Device as claimed in claim 13 or 14, comprising a stationary stop member attached to the housing for keeping the pivot element at a predetermined distance from the outer surface of the milling element in the first and second pressing position.
    [16]
    Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, comprising a control unit which is adapted to control at least one of the grinding element, the transport liquid supply and the controllable valve.
    [17]
    Device as claimed in claim 16, wherein the control unit is designed for intermittently transporting the waste to the discharge.
    [18]
    Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the device is designed for grinding and transporting waste comprising feces and / or urine in containers.
    [19]
    A system for crushing and transporting waste in a building, in particular a care institution, aircraft or airport terminal, the system comprising: - one or more devices for crushing and transporting waste arranged at different places in the building according to a of the preceding claims; - a pipe system connected to the respective drain (s) of said one or more devices, wherein the pipe system is connected to the sewer; the system further comprising: - one or more separating devices arranged in the pipe system and adapted to separate the ground and discharged mixture of liquid and waste into at least a first and second waste part and to send the first waste part only to the sewer; and / or - one or more purification devices arranged in the pipeline system that are adapted to purify at least a part of the crushed and removed waste; and / or - one or more digesters arranged in the piping system that are adapted to ferment at least a part of the crushed and removed waste.
    [20]
    20. Method for crushing (shredding) and removing household, medical and / or industrial waste comprising various liquid and / or solid materials, to the sewer, the method comprising: - introducing a quantity of crushed waste into an installation according to one of claims 1-18; - crushing the introduced waste with the crushing unit; - bringing the crushed waste to a collection area; - supplying transport fluid to the collection space; - opening the passage in the adjustable valve; - discharging the mixture of crushed waste and transport liquid via the passage to the sewer; - closing the passage in the adjustable valve.
    [21]
    Method according to claim 20, comprising intermittently opening and closing the passage for in each case transporting at least a minimum volume of the mixture of transport liquid and ground waste.
    [22]
    A method according to claim 20 or 21, comprising supplying pressure medium to the gap between the flexible element and the valve housing for closing the valve and discharging pressure medium from said gap for opening the valve.
    [23]
    A method according to any of claims 20-22, comprising generating swirls of the mixture of waste and transport fluid in the collection space.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2768898T3|2020-06-24|
    NL2013906B1|2016-09-07|
    DK3015750T3|2020-02-03|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0662346A1|1994-01-10|1995-07-12|MOLEDET, Kfar Bnei Brith, Moshav Shitufi Haklai Ltd.|Method and equipment for sanitization of medical waste|
    WO1999043365A1|1998-02-26|1999-09-02|Innovatec Medical Corporation|Method and apparatus for delivering a colonic lavage|
    法律状态:
    2021-08-04| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20210101 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2013726|2014-10-31|ES15192448T| ES2768898T3|2014-10-31|2015-10-30|Device, procedure and system of crushing and waste disposal|
    EP15192448.7A| EP3015750B1|2014-10-31|2015-10-30|Device, method and system for shredding and disposing of waste|
    DK15192448.7T| DK3015750T3|2014-10-31|2015-10-30|DEVICE, PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR FINDING AND DISPOSAL OF WASTE|
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